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Wilms' Tumor - An Audit.

Yogesh Kumar Sarin1, Pute U Losu1, Anita Nangia2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons
|December 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzed outcomes for 23 children with Wilms

Keywords:
Adjuvant chemotherapyWilm’s tumorevent-free survivalhistopathologyimmunohistochemistryneoadjuvant chemotherapynon-Wilms’overall survivalradiotherapyrelapserenal tumorsrisk stratificationstaging

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Wilms' tumor (WT) is a rare kidney cancer primarily affecting children.
  • Understanding treatment outcomes is crucial for improving patient management.
  • The International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) provides standardized protocols for WT management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with Wilms' tumor.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the SIOP Umbrella protocol in a clinical setting.
  • To identify factors influencing treatment success and survival rates.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 23 children with WT managed by a single surgeon from 2021 to 2024.
  • Utilized the SIOP Umbrella protocol for patient management.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Median age at presentation was 36 months, with variations between unilateral (uWT) and bilateral (bWT) cases.
  • Tumor volume changes were monitored post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), with variable responses observed.
  • Surgical interventions included nephroureterectomy and nephron-sparing surgery. Overall staging revealed intermediate and high-risk groups.
  • 1-year overall survival was 84% and event-free survival was 76%.

Conclusions:

  • The study reports excellent short-term outcomes for localized Wilms' tumor.
  • These results are from a center in a low-middle-income country, highlighting the feasibility of standardized protocols.
  • Further research may focus on long-term outcomes and specific challenges in resource-limited settings.