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Evaluating the Association Between Vastus Medialis Oblique Characteristics and Patellar Instability: A Comprehensive
Eran Beit Ner1, Oded Rabau1, Ahmad Essa1,2
1Department of Orthopaedics, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Israel.
Sports Health
|December 18, 2024
Summary
Altered vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO) characteristics are linked to patellar instability. These VMO changes, including size and fiber angle, are crucial for understanding and managing patellar instability.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanical Engineering
Background:
- The role of vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO) weakness in patellofemoral pain is known.
- Its specific contribution to lateral patellar instability and recurrent dislocations requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between VMO structural characteristics and patellar instability.
- To determine if VMO alterations differ between primary and recurrent patellar instability.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 204 participants matched for age and sex.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure VMO muscle elevation, cross-sectional area (CSA), fiber angulation, and CSA-to-thigh circumference ratio.
- Univariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed, with a secondary analysis for primary vs. recurrent instability.
Main Results:
- Patients with patellar instability showed significantly altered VMO characteristics compared to controls.
- These included increased muscle elevation and fiber angulation, and reduced CSA and CSA-to-thigh circumference ratio.
- VMO alterations were present in both primary and recurrent instability, with more pronounced CSA reduction in recurrent cases.
Conclusions:
- A statistically significant association exists between altered VMO characteristics and patellar instability.
- VMO assessment is important for the evaluation and management of patellar instability.
- Findings highlight the VMO's role in maintaining patellar stability.
