[EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS: MUCH MORE IS UNKNOWN YET THAN DISCOVERED]

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Immunology
• Pathology

Background:

• Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic Th2-cell-mediated esophageal inflammatory disease.
• Its pathogenesis involves genetic and environmental interactions, leading to increasing diagnoses.
• EoE is the second leading cause of chronic esophagitis and dysphagia, characterized by >15 eosinophils/HPF in esophageal mucosa.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of eosinophilic esophagitis.
• To discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and long-term complications of EoE.
• To outline current and necessary therapeutic strategies for EoE management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of eosinophilic esophagitis.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical manifestations.
• Evaluation of treatment options and long-term disease management.

Main Results:

• EoE presents with diverse esophageal symptoms, from dysphagia to food impaction.
• Long-term complications include fibrosis, angiogenesis, and smooth muscle hypertrophy.
• Effective management necessitates a sustained therapeutic approach.

Conclusions:

• EoE is a progressive condition requiring lifelong management.
• Treatment options are varied, including dietary changes, pharmacotherapy, and esophageal dilation.
• Early diagnosis and consistent management are crucial for preventing complications.