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Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
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Binocular Visual Field Loss and Crash Risk: An eFOVID Population-Based Study.

Siobhan Manners1, Lynn B Meuleners2, Jonathon Q Ng1

  • 1School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.

Ophthalmic Epidemiology
|December 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual field loss in older drivers significantly increases crash risk. Even mild loss elevates odds by 84%, with severe loss in specific quadrants nearly doubling the risk, highlighting the need for driving guidelines.

Keywords:
Crash typeslinked databasesmotor vehicle crashesolder driversvisual field loss

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Public Health
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Road Safety Research

Background:

  • Visual field loss significantly impacts daily activities, particularly driving, for individuals aged 50 and above.
  • Existing evidence on the link between visual field loss and motor vehicle crash risk is inconsistent.
  • This study addresses the need for clearer data on how visual field deficits affect driving safety in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the severity and location of binocular visual field loss and motor vehicle crashes in older adults (50+).
  • To provide objective evidence for developing 'fitness to drive' guidelines for elderly drivers.
  • To assess the utility of linking ophthalmic databases with crash records for road safety research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a comprehensive database of visual field tests from Western Australian ophthalmologists (1990-2019).
  • Classified visual field deficits into three severity levels across five distinct regions.
  • Linked ophthalmic data with government administrative databases, including motor vehicle crash records.

Main Results:

  • A total of 31,296 individuals were included, with 4,307 (13.76%) older drivers involved in 5,537 crashes.
  • Binocular visual field loss, irrespective of severity or location, was associated with an 84% increased odds of a crash (OR 1.84).
  • Severe visual field loss in specific quadrants demonstrated a substantial increase in crash odds: upper left (98%), lower left (97%), lower right (89%), and upper right (95%).

Conclusions:

  • Binocular visual field loss, even when not severe or localized to specific areas, significantly elevates the risk of motor vehicle crashes in older drivers.
  • Specific locations and severity of visual field loss pose considerable threats to safe driving.
  • Linking large ophthalmic databases with crash records offers a robust method for informing 'fitness to drive' assessments and guidelines for older drivers.