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Challenges ahead: Exploring external barriers to self-determination in individuals with intellectual disabilities
Monika Parchomiuk1, Agnieszka Żyta2, Katarzyna Ćwirynkało2
1Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology, Institute of Pedagogy, Głęboka 43, Lublin 20-612, Poland.
Research in Developmental Disabilities
|December 18, 2024
Summary
Environmental factors significantly shape self-determination for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). Understanding these challenges is crucial for supporting autonomy and improving life outcomes for individuals with ID.
Area of Science:
- Disability Studies
- Psychology
- Sociology
Background:
- Self-determination is crucial for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID).
- Contextual factors significantly influence the ability of individuals with ID to exercise self-determination.
- Previous research has not fully explored the lived experiences of individuals with ID regarding environmental challenges to self-determination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the lived experiences of adults with mild to severe intellectual disabilities (ID) concerning environmental challenges to self-determination.
- To identify key factors across different ecological systems (microsystem, exosystem, macrosystem) that impact self-determination in individuals with ID.
Main Methods:
- An inclusive research design involving co-researchers with ID.
- Focus groups and individual interviews with 33 adults with mild to severe ID.
- Reflexive thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes in the data.
Main Results:
- Four superordinate themes emerged: microsystemic, exosystemic, and macrosystemic factors impacting self-determination, and the consequences of these factors.
- Microsystemic factors included family support and direct interactions.
- Exosystemic and macrosystemic factors encompassed institutional policies, legal frameworks, and societal attitudes.
Conclusions:
- Environmental factors at multiple levels significantly influence self-determination for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
- Interventions should address systemic barriers and promote supportive environments to foster self-determination.
- The findings have implications for policy, practice, and future research aimed at enhancing autonomy for people with ID.
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