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Dynamic changes in the skin transcriptome for the melanin pigmentation in embryonic chickens
Dong Leng1, Maosen Yang2, Xiaomeng Miao3
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
Poultry Science
|December 18, 2024
Summary
This study reveals key gene expression patterns during chicken skin pigmentation development. It identifies critical genes and pathways involved in melanin synthesis and transfer from embryonic day 4 to 13.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Developmental Biology
- Animal Science
Background:
- Dermal hyperpigmentation is a unique chicken phenotype, distinct from feather coloration.
- Few chicken breeds display comprehensive black pigmentation affecting skin, meat, and bones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the temporal gene expression dynamics during chicken skin melanin pigmentation.
- To identify key genes and pathways regulating embryonic skin development and pigmentation.
Main Methods:
- Whole transcriptome sequencing of chicken embryo skin from embryonic day 4 (E4) to E13.
- Analysis of gene expression profiles to identify differentially expressed genes and regulatory mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Melanoblast migration to the epidermis occurred until E12.
- Significant melanin synthesis and transfer began at E6, involving genes like DCT, TYR, TYRP1, and MITF.
- 854 differentially expressed genes were identified between E7 and E8, coinciding with melanocyte differentiation and visible skin darkening.
- CDH3 was identified as a potential key factor in skin melanin pigmentation.
Conclusions:
- The study elucidated a phased gene regulatory mechanism for chicken skin pigmentation from E4 to E13.
- Identified key genes and pathways provide foundational data for understanding chicken pigmentation.
- Findings highlight differences in pigmentation pathways compared to white-skinned chickens.
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