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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
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Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism presenting as fatigue.

Ravishankar Gaddehosur Mylaraiah1, Soumya Kanakatte Sathyanarayan2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Ahalia Hospital Hamdan, Abu Dhabi, UAE ravigm30@gmail.com.

BMJ Case Reports
|December 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Unexplained fatigue can signal hypocalcaemia, a condition of low calcium levels. Early diagnosis and treatment with calcium and alfacalcidol are crucial for managing this challenging symptom.

Keywords:
Calcium and boneMuscle disease

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Fatigue is a prevalent and diagnostically challenging symptom in clinical practice.
  • A thorough patient history is essential for identifying potential underlying causes of fatigue.

Observation:

  • A man in his 30s presented with intermittent fatigue.
  • A history of premature cataract surgery led to an investigation for hypocalcaemia.
  • The patient exhibited hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphatemia, low parathyroid hormone, and elevated creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase.

Findings:

  • The patient's condition improved with calcium and alfacalcidol treatment.
  • This case highlights hypocalcaemia as a potential cause of unexplained fatigue.
  • Hypocalcaemic myopathy in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism can be easily overlooked.

Implications:

  • Revisiting clinical history is vital for diagnosing fatigue of unknown origin.
  • Hypocalcaemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent fatigue.
  • Increased awareness of hypocalcaemic myopathy can improve diagnostic accuracy in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism.