The potential for AI to revolutionize conservation: a horizon scan

Area of Science:

• Conservation Biology
• Artificial Intelligence
• Biodiversity Science

Background:

• The escalating biodiversity crisis necessitates innovative conservation solutions.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents a promising technological frontier for conservation efforts.
• Identifying impactful AI applications is crucial for effective biodiversity protection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a horizon scan identifying key AI applications beneficial to biological conservation.
• To explore the potential of AI in addressing critical conservation challenges.
• To consider the risks and ethical implications of AI adoption in conservation.

Main Methods:

• Convened an international panel of conservation scientists and AI experts.
• Utilized a horizon scanning approach to identify emerging AI applications.
• Synthesized expert insights on 21 key AI-driven conservation strategies.

Main Results:

• Identified 21 significant AI applications for conservation, including species recognition, biodiversity loss prediction, wildlife trade monitoring, and human-wildlife conflict resolution.
• Highlighted the potential of AI to uncover 'dark diversity' and improve predictive models.
• Acknowledged potential negative impacts like AI colonialism and skill degradation.

Conclusions:

• AI holds substantial potential to advance biological conservation and address the biodiversity crisis.
• Strategic adoption of AI is necessary to maximize benefits while mitigating risks such as ethical concerns and skill erosion.
• The conservation field must adapt to integrate AI effectively and responsibly.