Comparing the protection of heterologous booster of inhaled Ad5-nCoV vaccine and hybrid immunity against Omicron BA.5 infection: a cohort study of hospital staff in China
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Hybrid immunity offers superior protection against Omicron BA.5 infection compared to a heterologous inhaled adenovirus type-5 vector-based (Ad5-nCoV) booster. The Ad5-nCoV booster provided moderate protection, supporting varied vaccination strategies.
Area Of Science
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Epidemiology
Background
- China's exit from its "zero-COVID" policy led to a widespread Omicron variant outbreak.
- An inhaled adenovirus type-5 vector-based (Ad5-nCoV) COVID-19 vaccine was available since 2021.
- Assessing real-world vaccine effectiveness against circulating variants is crucial.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of a heterologous Ad5-nCoV booster against Omicron infection.
- To compare the protection offered by the Ad5-nCoV booster with hybrid immunity (prior infection + vaccination).
Main Methods
- Retrospective cohort study of 1087 hospital staff in Urumqi, China (November-December 2022).
- Analysis of vaccination status (Ad5-nCoV booster), prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, and serological IgG antibody levels.
- Multivariate Poisson regression models used to estimate relative rate reduction (RRR) for infection and hospitalization.
Main Results
- The Ad5-nCoV booster group showed the highest IgG antibody levels (median 294.59 S/CO).
- Hybrid immunity yielded a 97.9% RRR against Omicron BA.5 infection.
- The Ad5-nCoV booster demonstrated a 41.9% RRR against Omicron BA.5 infection.
Conclusions
- Hybrid immunity provides a high level of protection against Omicron infection.
- Heterologous Ad5-nCoV booster vaccination offers moderate protection.
- Findings support heterologous vaccination strategies, irrespective of prior vaccination status.
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