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Related Concept Videos

Coronavirus01:29

Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Multicellular Human Alveolar Model Composed of Epithelial Cells and Primary Immune Cells for Hazard Assessment
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Modelling SARS-CoV-2 infection in a human alveolus microphysiological system.

Tanja Šuligoj1, Naomi S Coombes2, Catherine Booth1

  • 1Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK.

Access Microbiology
|December 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel human alveolus microphysiological system (MPS) successfully models SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung cells. This physiologically relevant in vitro model shows cytopathic effects and viral replication, aiding preclinical research.

Keywords:
BSL3COVID-19SARS-CoV-2lung-on-chipmicrophysiological system

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Area of Science:

  • * Respiratory biology
  • * Virology
  • * Biomedical engineering

Background:

  • * The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates advanced in vitro models for preclinical research.
  • * Current models often lack the physiological relevance of the human lung.
  • * Microphysiological systems (MPS) offer a promising avenue for more accurate disease modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To adapt and validate a human alveolus MPS for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • * To assess the model's ability to recapitulate key aspects of lung infection.
  • * To evaluate the model's utility in preclinical research for respiratory viruses.

Main Methods:

  • * Adaptation of a human alveolus MPS using primary human alveolar epithelial and lung microvascular endothelial cells.
  • * Culture of cells at the air-liquid interface with breathing-like stretch.
  • * Infection with SARS-CoV-2 within a Biosafety Level 3 facility.
  • * Analysis of cytopathic effects, viral replication, and host immune responses.

Main Results:

  • * The MPS model demonstrated clinically relevant cytopathic effects, including alveolar type 2 cell rounding and occludin disruption.
  • * SARS-CoV-2 replication was confirmed via immunocytochemical staining and increased virus shedding within 2 days.
  • * Changes in innate host immune responses were observed post-infection.
  • * The model successfully mimicked SARS-CoV-2 infection in human alveolar lung cells.

Conclusions:

  • * The developed human alveolus MPS is a viable and physiologically relevant model for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • * This model can recapitulate key pathological features and viral dynamics of lung infection.
  • * The MPS platform holds significant potential for advancing preclinical research on respiratory viral diseases.