Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

33.3K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.3K
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

6.2K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
6.2K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

869
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
869
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

21.0K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
21.0K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

56.0K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.0K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

6.9K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
6.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An interpretable machine learning framework for dog breed inference and ancestry decomposition.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Reference-free discovery with barcoded single-cell sequencing.

Nature biotechnology·2026
Same author

A Reference-Free Algorithm Discovers Regulation in the Plant Transcriptome.

Plant direct·2026
Same author

Sphingosine kinase 1 is integral for elastin deficiency-induced arterial hypermuscularization.

Nature cardiovascular research·2026
Same author

MUTAGENESISFORGE: A FRAMEWORK FOR MODELING CODON-LEVEL MUTATIONAL BIASES AND CALCULATING dN/dS.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Hypercholesterolemia-induced LXR signaling in smooth muscle cells contributes to vascular lesion remodeling and visceral function.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same journal

Arrayed single-gene perturbations identify drivers of human anterior neural tube closure.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Pervasive relaxed selection on spermatogenesis genes coincident with the evolution of polygyny in gorillas.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Impacts of DNA methylation on H2A.Z deposition and nucleosome stability.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Continuous developmental changes in word recognition and language learning across early childhood.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Multiple event segmentation mechanisms in the human brain.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Optimised genome editing for precise DNA insertion and substitution using prime editors in zebrafish.

eLife·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
12:54

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation

Published on: March 7, 2018

13.5K

Statistical analysis supports pervasive RNA subcellular localization and alternative 3' UTR regulation.

Rob Bierman1, Jui M Dave2, Daniel M Greif2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry Stanford University, Stanford, United States.

Elife
|December 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New statistical methods reveal widespread regulation of RNA localization by 3' Untranslated Region (UTR) processing in the mouse brain. This finding suggests a more pervasive role for 3' UTRs in controlling subcellular RNA distribution than previously understood.

Keywords:
computational biologymousespatial RNAseqstatistical methodssub-cellular patterningsystems biology

More Related Videos

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
09:44

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes

Published on: March 3, 2015

9.4K
Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

5.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
12:54

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation

Published on: March 7, 2018

13.5K
High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes
09:44

High-throughput Screening for Chemical Modulators of Post-transcriptionally Regulated Genes

Published on: March 3, 2015

9.4K
Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

5.4K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Subcellular RNA localization is crucial for cellular functions like polarization and translocation.
  • RNA isoform expression, particularly 3' Untranslated Region (UTR) regulation, is linked to RNA localization.
  • Genome-wide spatial transcriptomics offers new potential to study in situ RNA localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop robust statistical measures for subcellular localization and alternative poly-adenylation (APA) at single-cell resolution.
  • To investigate cell-type specific regulation of RNA subcellular localization and its correlation with 3' UTR processing.
  • To explore the pervasive nature of RNA localization regulation in the mouse brain and liver.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel statistical framework named SPRAWL (Spatial RNA analysis With Localization).
  • Integrated SPRAWL with a new method to measure cell-type specific alternative 3' UTR processing.
  • Applied these methods to single-cell resolved spatial transcriptomics data from mouse brain and liver.

Main Results:

  • Detected extensive cell-type specific subcellular RNA localization regulation in the mouse brain.
  • Observed significant correlations between 3' UTR length and subcellular localization in specific cell types.
  • Identified examples (Timp3, Slc32a1, Cxcl14, Nxph1) where 3' UTR processing, including unannotated 3' ends, correlates with subcellular localization in the brain.

Conclusions:

  • SPRAWL provides a statistical framework to integrate multi-omic, single-cell measurements for studying gene-isoform pairs.
  • The study prioritizes candidate functional 3' UTRs for further investigation.
  • 3' UTR regulation of subcellular RNA localization is predicted to be more pervasive than currently known, especially in the mouse brain.