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ORAL MICROBIOME OF BENNETT'S (NOTAMACROPUS RUFOGRISEUS) AND YELLOW-FOOTED (PETROGALE XANTHOPUS) ROCK WALLABIES AND

Jon Romano¹, Naomi Hoyer², Janina A Krumbeck³

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Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine : Official Publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians

|December 19, 2024

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Oral disease in wallabies can be hard to detect early. This study found changes in the oral microbiome, like reduced diversity and more anaerobic bacteria, which may signal disease in wallabies.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Microbiology
Animal Health

Background:

Intraoral disease, such as macropod progressive periodontal disease, is a significant cause of illness and death in wallabies.
Early detection of oral disease is challenging due to variable clinical signs and the need for advanced imaging.
Previous research in domestic animals indicates that oral microbiome alterations can serve as early indicators of oral disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the oral microbiome of Bennett's wallabies (Notamacropus rufogriseus) and yellow-footed rock wallabies (Petrogale xanthopus).
To determine if intraoral disease influences the oral microbiome composition and diversity in these macropod species.
To assess the potential of oral microbiome analysis for early disease detection in wallabies.

Main Methods:

Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze the oral microbiome.
Samples were collected from 12 Bennett's wallabies and 3 yellow-footed rock wallabies.
The oral microbiome was compared between animals with and without active intraoral disease, and between diseased and healthy sites within individuals.

Main Results:

A total of 295 bacterial and 388 fungal species were identified.
A trend towards an increase in anaerobic bacterial species (e.g., Actinomyces bowdenii, Peptostreptococcus canis) was observed in diseased sites.
A decrease in microbial diversity was noted in wallabies with active intraoral disease compared to healthy individuals.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest that intraoral disease is associated with alterations in the wallaby oral microbiome.
Reduced microbial diversity and shifts in bacterial populations may serve as potential early biomarkers for oral disease in macropods.
Further research is needed to fully characterize the normal oral microbiome and disease-associated changes in wallabies.