Association Between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systemic Review

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Wen Sun1, Zheye Chen2, Yi Luo1

  • 1EICU, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Huzhou City, China.

Surgical Infections
|December 19, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is linked to higher risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), and mortality in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. This highlights SII as a potential prognostic marker.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarkers
  • Inflammation

Background:

  • The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a marker reflecting systemic inflammation.
  • Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality.
  • Predictive markers for adverse outcomes in AMI are crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), and overall mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted using data from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus.
  • Studies included adult patients with AMI, assessing the association of SII with MACE, CIN, and mortality.
  • Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analyses and GRADE assessments were performed.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three studies were included in the analysis.
  • Elevated SII was significantly associated with increased risks of MACE (RR 2.95), overall mortality (RR 2.59), and CIN (RR 4.58) in AMI patients.
  • Publication bias was detected for MACE and overall mortality, but not for CIN. Associations remained consistent in subgroup analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Higher systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are associated with elevated risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), and overall mortality.
  • The SII demonstrates potential as a valuable prognostic biomarker for predicting adverse outcomes in AMI patients.
  • Further research may validate the clinical utility of SII in AMI risk stratification and management.

Keywords:
cardiac adverse eventscontrast-induced nephropathymajor adverse cardiovascular eventsmeta-analysismortalitymyocardial infarctionnephropathysystematic reviewsystemic immune-inflammation index

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