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Tuberculosis Masquerading Foreign Body in Children
Hosseinali Ghaffaripour1, Maedeh Asi1, Ali Valinejadi2
1Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children is a serious risk, often caused by curiosity. Prompt diagnosis and removal, like this case of a pen cap, prevent severe complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Emergency Medicine
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
Background:
- Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a frequent pediatric emergency.
- Delayed diagnosis of FBA can lead to significant respiratory complications.
Observation:
- A child presented with persistent cough and dyspnea, initially misdiagnosed as pneumonia.
- Imaging revealed findings concerning for tuberculosis, complicating the initial assessment.
Findings:
- Ultrasound and clinical evaluation confirmed foreign body aspiration.
- A pen cap lodged in the right bronchus was successfully removed via bronchoscopy.
Implications:
- Highlights the importance of considering FBA in pediatric respiratory distress.
- Timely bronchoscopic intervention is crucial for favorable outcomes in FBA cases.
- Emphasizes the need for thorough diagnostic evaluation to avoid misdiagnosis.
Abstract:
Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a common issue in children, particularly boys, and can be life-threatening. Early removal of the foreign body (FB) leads to recovery, but delayed diagnosis may cause complications such as granuloma, recurrent pneumonia, and atelectasis. This condition often results from a child's curiosity, with factors such as inadequate swallowing reflex and activity during eating contributing to the risk. The right bronchus is the most common site for FB impaction. In this case, a child presented with persistent productive cough and shortness of breath. Initial computed tomography scans suggested pneumonia and mucoid impaction in the right lung, raising concern for tuberculosis due to a family history. However, further ultrasound and clinical findings confirmed FBA. The FB, a pen cap, was removed via bronchoscopy, and the patient's symptoms resolved. Follow-up care was provided to ensure continued recovery.
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