[Two new phenolic glucosides with antioxidant activity from Lythrum salicaria]

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Natural Product Chemistry
• Pharmacognosy

Context:

• Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) is a medicinal plant with a history of traditional use.
• Investigating its active constituents is crucial for understanding its therapeutic potential.
• Phenolic compounds are known for their diverse biological activities, including antioxidant properties.

Purpose:

• To isolate and identify compounds with antioxidant activity from Lythrum salicaria.
• To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the purified compounds.
• To characterize novel phenolic glucosides.

Summary:

• Six phenolic glucosides were isolated and identified using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods (1D/2D NMR, HRMS, optical rotation).
• Two compounds (1 and 2) are novel phenolic glucosides, while compounds 3-6 were isolated from Lythrum for the first time.
• Compound 1 exhibited potent antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.16 mmol·L−1), surpassing the positive control trolox (IC50 = 0.24 mmol·L−1).

Impact:

• Discovery of novel bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant properties.
• Provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Lythrum salicaria.
• Highlights the potential of compound 1 as a therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related conditions.