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Intestinal triglycerides are derived from both endogenous and exogenous sources.

Y F Shiau, D A Popper, M Reed

The American Journal of Physiology

|February 1, 1985

Summary

The small intestine produces over 50% of its triglycerides from endogenous sources during lipid absorption. Both chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) transport these triglycerides, suggesting distinct packaging mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

Lipid metabolism
Gastroenterology
Molecular biology

Background:

Intestinal triglyceride synthesis can occur without dietary lipids.
The quantitative role of endogenous sources in intestinal triglyceride production during absorption remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the quantitative contribution of endogenous triglyceride production during varying luminal lipid loads.
To determine the roles of chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) in transporting endogenous and exogenous triglycerides.

Main Methods:

Utilized a mesenteric lymph fistula rat model.
Administered total parenteral nutritional support.
Investigated mesenteric lymphatic triglyceride transport under different luminal fatty acid loads.

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Main Results:

Endogenous sources account for over 50% of total intestinal triglyceride during absorption.
Increased luminal fatty acid loads stimulate both endogenous and exogenous triglyceride production.
Oleic acid incorporation into chylomicron triglycerides is load-dependent, while VLDL triglyceride incorporation is saturable.

Conclusions:

Both chylomicrons and VLDL transport triglycerides from endogenous and exogenous sources.
Distinct incorporation patterns suggest different packaging mechanisms for chylomicrons and VLDL in the small intestine.