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MicroRNA networks in prolactinoma tumorigenesis: a scoping review

Sevil Ghaffarzadeh Rad1, Fatemeh Nejadi Orang2, Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad3,4

  • 1Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Cancer Cell International
|December 20, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show therapeutic potential for prolactinoma, a common pituitary tumor. Targeting specific oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs could improve treatment outcomes and reduce tumor progression.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Prolactinoma, the most common pituitary adenoma, causes endocrine dysregulation and infertility.
  • Current treatments like dopamine agonists and surgery face challenges such as tumor invasion and resistance.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are needed due to limitations in existing prolactinoma treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and identify microRNA (miRNA) networks involved in prolactinoma tumorigenesis.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting miRNA expression in prolactinoma.
  • To provide a foundation for developing novel, miRNA-based treatments for prolactinoma.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases.
  • The review followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guideline.
  • Identification and categorization of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs implicated in prolactinoma.

Main Results:

  • Several miRNAs were identified as oncogenic in prolactinoma, including miR-200c, miR-217, miR-93a, miR-93, miR-1299, and miR-9.
  • A distinct set of miRNAs were characterized as tumor-suppressive, such as miR-137, miR-145-5p, miR-197-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-489, miR-199a-5p, miR-124, miR-212, miR-129-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-326, miR-432, miR-548c-3p, miR-570, miR-15, miR-16, miR-26a, miR-196a2, and let-7a.
  • Dysregulated miRNA expression plays a significant role in prolactinoma development and progression.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibiting oncogenic miRNAs and restoring tumor-suppressive miRNAs can reduce prolactin secretion and tumor invasion.
  • miRNA-based therapeutics hold promise for enhancing dopamine agonist efficacy and inhibiting prolactinoma growth.
  • These findings offer a roadmap for future translational research into miR-based therapies for prolactinoma.
Keywords:
CeRNACircRNALncRNAMicroRNAsProlactinoma

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