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Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

Gas Exchange and Transport

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Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
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Related Experiment Video

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Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
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Overcoming Gas Mass Transfer Limitations Using Gas-Conducting Electrodes for Efficient Nitrogen Reduction.

Lu Li1, Yuliang Li1, Ke Li1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.

ACS Nano
|December 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel Janus-Ni/MoO2@NF electrode inspired by lotus leaves for efficient ammonia synthesis via electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). This gas-conducting electrode significantly boosts ammonia yield and Faraday efficiency by optimizing the three-phase interface and suppressing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Keywords:
asymmetric gas wetting behaviorgas mass transfer limitationgas-conducting electrodenitrogen reduction reactionthree-phase interface

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) offers a sustainable route for ammonia synthesis.
  • Challenges include low nitrogen solubility and competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), limiting ammonia yield and Faraday efficiency.
  • Existing electrodes struggle to optimize the three-phase interface (TPI) for efficient NRR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a novel gas-conducting electrode for enhanced electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction.
  • To overcome mass transfer limitations and suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in ammonia synthesis.
  • To improve ammonia yield rate and Faraday efficiency in electrocatalytic NRR.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Janus-Ni/MoO2@NF electrode with asymmetric gas wetting properties, inspired by lotus leaf superhydrophobicity/hydrophilicity.
  • Electrochemical characterization of the Janus electrode for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) performance.
  • Evaluation of ammonia yield rate and Faraday efficiency at various potentials, comparing with conventional electrodes.

Main Results:

  • The Janus-Ni/MoO2@NF electrode created an abundant three-phase interface (TPI), enhancing N2, electrolyte, and electrode contact.
  • The hydrophobic side of the Janus electrode repelled water, suppressing HER and increasing N2 concentration.
  • Achieved a record-high NH3 yield rate of 5.865 μg·h−1·cm−2 and 36.14% Faradaic efficiency at 0 V vs RHE, significantly outperforming conventional electrodes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed gas-conducting Janus electrode effectively breaks gas mass transfer limitations in electrocatalytic NRR.
  • The asymmetric wetting design dramatically improves both activity and selectivity for ammonia synthesis.
  • This interface engineering approach provides a promising strategy for other gas-involved sustainable electrochemical reactions.