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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

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Recovery Residences Are an Innovative Site for HIV Prevention Interventions Targeting People Who Inject Drugs:

J Michael Wilkerson1,2, John Atkinson1,2, Sreelatha Akkala3

  • 1Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, Texas.

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|December 20, 2024
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Summary

Many Americans needing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) don't receive it. Recovery residences show potential for increasing PrEP use and addressing HIV health disparities, especially for those with a history of injecting drugs.

Keywords:
HIV awarenessHIV preventionHIV testingPrEPPrEP accessPrEP recommendationinjection drug usepost-exposure prophylaxispre-exposure prophylaxisrecovery residence

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Substance Use Disorder Treatment

Background:

  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake remains low, with only 36% of eligible Americans prescribed it in 2023.
  • Opioid use disorder (OUD) and HIV infection are significant public health concerns, often intersecting.
  • Recovery residences offer a unique setting to reach individuals with OUD who may benefit from HIV prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate HIV testing, PrEP awareness, and willingness to use PrEP among individuals in medication-assisted recovery.
  • To explore preferences for PrEP administration methods within this population.
  • To assess the potential of recovery residences in improving PrEP access and reducing health disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral, psychosocial, and biomarker data were collected from a subsample of participants in Project HOMES.
  • The study focused on HIV testing history, PrEP awareness, and willingness to engage in preventive treatments.
  • Data were gathered from residents in recovery residences across five Texas cities.

Main Results:

  • 83% of participants reported a history of HIV testing.
  • 51% demonstrated awareness of PrEP, while 44% expressed willingness to use it.
  • Willingness to use PrEP was evenly split between oral pills (40%) and injections (40%).

Conclusions:

  • Recovery residences are a promising venue for increasing PrEP access among individuals with OUD.
  • Targeted interventions within these settings can address critical healthcare disparities for people with a history of injecting drug use.
  • Further research into preferred PrEP delivery methods is warranted to optimize uptake.