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Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: A review
Jingyuan Jiang1, Fengwu Lin, Wenqi Wu
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Abstract:
Lung cancer is one of the most threatening malignancies among the different kinds of tumors. The incidence and mortality rate are increasing especially in male. Advances in diagnosis and treatment have been achieve in recent years. However, the lung tumor cells also developing chemo- and radio-resistance. Novel approaches and new treatments are stilled needed to develop for early diagnosis and treatment. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) original exosomes were proved different expression in lung tumor, which mediate multiple biological processes and is responsible for tumor proliferation and metastasis. In this review, we focus on the emerging roles of both lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer and their roles on angiogenesis, metastasis, diagnosis, drug resistance, and immune regulation of lung cancer. Exosome lncRNAs were proved to serve as regulatory factors for gene expression, mediating intercellular communication, and participating in the occurrence and development of various diseases. In addition, exosomes lnc RNA has advantages on the early diagnosis of lung cancer, tumor cell metastasis, drug resistance, and immune regulation. Exosome lncRNAs an provide some unique ideas on how to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in the future.
Insights
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in exosomes show altered expression in lung cancer, impacting tumor growth and spread. These exosomal lncRNAs offer promise for early diagnosis and novel therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Lung cancer remains a significant global health challenge with increasing incidence and mortality.
- Tumor cells frequently develop resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, necessitating new treatment modalities.
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in various cancers, including lung cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the emerging roles of lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer.
- To explore their involvement in key oncogenic processes such as angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune regulation.
- To highlight their potential in improving lung cancer diagnosis and overcoming drug resistance.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on studies investigating lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer.
- Analysis of research on the functional roles of these molecules in tumor biology.
- Synthesis of findings related to diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs, particularly those encapsulated in exosomes, exhibit differential expression in lung tumors.
- Exosomal lncRNAs act as crucial mediators of intercellular communication and regulate gene expression.
- These molecules are involved in promoting tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion.
Conclusions:
- Exosomal lncRNAs represent promising biomarkers for early lung cancer detection.
- They play significant roles in drug resistance and immune modulation, offering therapeutic targets.
- Further research into exosome lncRNAs can provide innovative strategies for enhancing lung cancer diagnosis and treatment efficacy.
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