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Association between allostatic load and cardiac structural and functional abnormalities in young adults with serious

Pao-Huan Chen1, Cheng-Yi Hsiao2, Jiunn-Kae Wang3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

General Hospital Psychiatry
|December 20, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Young adults with serious mental disorders (SMDs) show higher allostatic load, leading to adverse cardiac remodeling. This study links increased allostatic load to poorer cardiac structure and function in this high-risk population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • Serious mental disorders (SMDs) are linked to increased cardiac mortality.
  • Allostatic load, a measure of chronic stress impact, is not well-studied in young SMDs.
  • Understanding cardiac health in SMDs is crucial for preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between allostatic load and cardiac structure/function in young adults with SMDs.
  • To compare allostatic load levels between young adults with SMDs and controls.
  • To identify specific cardiac remodeling markers linked to allostatic load in SMDs.

Main Methods:

  • 106 participants under 45 years underwent echocardiography and biomarker analysis.
  • Allostatic load index calculated using 15 cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers.
  • Cardiac structure and function assessed via echocardiography following established guidelines.

Main Results:

  • SMD group had significantly higher allostatic load index compared to controls.
  • SMD group showed increased left ventricular relative wall thickness (LVRWT) and poorer mitral valve E/A ratio.
  • Higher allostatic load was associated with increased LVRWT and decreased mitral valve E/A ratio in SMDs after adjustments.

Conclusions:

  • Allostatic load may significantly contribute to accelerated adverse cardiac remodeling in young patients with SMDs.
  • This study highlights a critical role for allostatic load in cardiac pathology within this population.
  • Further research is needed to explore the mechanistic pathways linking allostatic load and cardiac remodeling in SMDs.
Abstract

Keywords:
Allostatic load indexBipolar disorderCardiac remodelingCumulative stressSchizophrenia

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