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Unraveling the interplay of CD8 + T cells and microRNA signaling in cancer: implications for immune dysfunction and

Arefeh Zabeti Touchaei1, Sogand Vahidi2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran.

Journal of Translational Medicine
|December 20, 2024
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of CD8+ T cell function in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting miRNAs offers a promising strategy to enhance anti-tumor immunity and improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating CD8+ T cell function within the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs contributes to T cell exhaustion and immune evasion, impairing anti-tumor responses.
  • Understanding miRNA involvement is vital for advancing cancer immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in CD8+ T cell activation, infiltration, and effector functions across diverse cancers.
  • To explore how miRNAs influence T cell exhaustion and immune evasion within the TME.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of miRNA manipulation for enhancing cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating miRNA and CD8+ T cell interactions in various cancer types.
  • Analysis of miRNA roles in T cell function, including activation, exhaustion, and infiltration.
  • Exploration of miRNA modulation by extracellular vesicles, cytokines, radiotherapy, and drugs.

Main Results:

  • Specific miRNAs significantly impact CD8+ T cell functions, influencing their anti-tumor activity.
  • miRNA dysregulation is linked to T cell exhaustion and immune evasion in multiple cancers.
  • Extracellular vesicles, cytokines, radiotherapy, and drugs modulate miRNA expression affecting T cell responses.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are critical regulators of CD8+ T cell function and hold significant therapeutic potential in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Targeting miRNAs can enhance CD8+ T cell activity, overcoming immune evasion and improving treatment efficacy.
  • Further research into miRNA-T cell interactions in the TME is essential for developing novel cancer therapies.
Keywords:
CD8 + T-cellsCancerCytokinesDrug therapyExtracellular vesiclesMicroRNAs (miRNAs)RadiotherapyTumor microenvironment (TME)

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