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Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Predicting Transarterial Chemoembolization Outcomes: A Systematic

Elina En Li Cho1, Michelle Law2, Zhenning Yu2

  • 1Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|December 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is challenging. Artificial intelligence and radiomics models show promise in forecasting TACE outcomes for HCC patients.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceHepatocellular carcinomaIntermediate stageTransarterial chemoembolization

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is standard care for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Predicting TACE treatment response in HCC patients remains a significant clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the performance and effectiveness of radiomics and AI models in predicting TACE outcomes for HCC.
  • To assess the diagnostic accuracy of these predictive models.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline and Embase databases up to April 7, 2024.
  • Inclusion of studies developing predictive models for TACE response and evaluating performance using AUC, specificity, or sensitivity.
  • Exclusion of reviews, case series, pediatric, and animal studies.

Main Results:

  • 64 articles involving 13,412 patients were included.
  • AI models using pre-treatment CT and MRI scans showed value in predicting TACE efficacy.
  • Radiomics-based models and combined models (imaging + non-imaging features) demonstrated superior performance.

Conclusions:

  • Combined predictive models integrating clinical, laboratory, and radiological features show potential for accurately predicting TACE response in HCC.
  • AI and radiomics offer promising tools to enhance treatment personalization for HCC patients.