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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in women: A forgotten cardiovascular risk factor
Federica Moscucci1, Valentina Bucciarelli2, Sabina Gallina3
1Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, DAI of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Viale del Policlinico n.155, 00185 Rome, Italy; Department of Clinical Medicine, Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Abstract:
Sleep-disordered breathing is a highly prevalent disorder with negative impact on healthcare systems worldwide. This condition has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health and quality of life, and is frequently associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. Nevertheless, it remains frequently undiagnosed and undertreated, especially in specific populations. Studies on sleep-disordered breathing have been conducted mainly on male patients, and the prevalence and severity of this disorder in women are underestimated. Recently, some clinical and laboratory evidence has highlighted the epidemiological and pathophysiological differences between men and women with sleep-disordered breathing. In this review, we discuss sex-related mechanisms of sleep-disordered breathing in frequently associated disorders, to improve clinical understanding of this condition and to simplify the practical application of targeted interventions. The aim is to improve prognosis among female patients and guarantee a better quality of life and a reduction in healthcare costs.
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