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Nursing students and role modeled behavior while caring for LGBTQ + people: a cross-sectional, descriptive study
Emily E Roy1, Kristen D Clark2,3
1Department of Nursing, University of New Hampshire, Hewitt Hall, 4 Library Way, Durham, NH, USA.
BMC Nursing
|December 21, 2024
Summary
Nursing students and recent graduates frequently observed stigmatizing behaviors toward LGBTQ+ patients from healthcare professionals. These role-modeled actions, particularly towards transgender and gender diverse individuals, highlight a need for improved clinical training.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Education
- Nursing Practice
- LGBTQ+ Health
Background:
- Limited understanding of how healthcare professional role-modeling influences nursing care for LGBTQ+ individuals.
- Increasing focus on educational preparedness for LGBTQ+ patient care among nurses.
- Need to explore observed behaviors in clinical settings impacting nursing students and graduates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe role-modeled behaviors of healthcare professionals observed by nursing students and recent graduates.
- To identify behaviors impacting the care of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) patients.
- To assess attitudes and inclusive care abilities related to LGBTQ+ patients.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional online survey of nursing students and recent graduates (≤2 years).
- Inclusion of measures for stigmatizing attitudes, observed behaviors, and inclusive care capacity.
- Thematic analysis of open-text responses describing observed behaviors and statistical analysis of subscale differences.
Main Results:
- Participants reported low stigmatizing attitudes towards LGBTQ+ people overall, but higher attitudes towards transgender and gender diverse (T+) individuals.
- Half of participants observed stigmatizing behaviors role-modeled by healthcare professionals; one-third engaged in such behaviors, primarily towards T+ individuals.
- Observed stigmatizing behaviors included cis-heteronormative bias, non-affirmation of names/pronouns, outing patients, and perceived lack of competency.
Conclusions:
- Most participants observed stigmatizing behaviors towards LGBTQ+ people in clinical settings.
- Particular deficits in care and higher stigmatizing behaviors were noted towards transgender and gender diverse (T+) individuals.
- Interventions to reduce LGBTQ+ stigma in healthcare must encompass clinical settings, focusing on role-modeling and nurse socialization.
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