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Mixed methods systematic review: Using a cultural validity assessment to evaluate prevention programs for Indigenous

Lora Henderson Smith1, Lisa N Aguilar2, Kate Joshua3

  • 1University of Virginia, School of Education and Human Development, Charlottesville, VA, United States.

Journal of School Psychology
|December 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Culturally relevant school programs show positive outcomes for Indigenous students. Effectiveness is consistent across various study designs and adaptation levels, highlighting the importance of cultural connections.

Keywords:
Cultural validityIndigenous studentsMixed methodsPreventionSchoolsSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Education
  • Indigenous Studies

Background:

  • School-based prevention programs can revitalize Indigenous cultural connections damaged by historical and systemic forces in the US.
  • A significant gap exists in synthesized literature regarding the effectiveness of these programs for Indigenous students.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a mixed-methods systematic review evaluating school-based prevention programs for Indigenous students.
  • To assess the utilization of Indigenous research methodologies and examine the cultural and community validity of these programs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 36 manuscripts (28 interventions) published between 2010-2022, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies.
  • Quality assessment using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and RCT appraisal tools.
  • Cultural validity assessed through purposeful engagement and intentional privileging.

Main Results:

  • Most studies reported positive intervention outcomes.
  • Effectiveness did not significantly vary based on study design (quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods) or intervention adaptation level (culturally grounded, adapted, or mainstream).

Conclusions:

  • School-based prevention programs leveraging culture demonstrate effectiveness for Indigenous students.
  • Mixed-methods approaches are crucial for understanding intervention effectiveness within cultural and identity contexts.