[Several problems needing attention in the diagnosis and treatment of common perianal benign diseases]

Hemorrhoids, anal fissure, anal fistula and perianal abscess are the most common benign diseases around the anus, which obviously affect people's life and work, and need to be well diagnosed and treated. Based on damage control, the treatment principle is to eliminate relevant disease symptoms and protect the anal function at the same time. Perianal benign diseases are common and frequently occurring, which can be diagnosed and treated in many non-specialist hospitals. Therefore, there is great heterogeneity in the level of diagnosis and treatment, and related complications may occur due to iatrogenic factors such as the selection of treatment strategies, resulting in certain medical risks and subsequent passive treatment. Conservative treatment of internal hemorrhoids at degree I-II and acute anal fissure can achieve good results; internal hemorrhoids at degree III-IV, external hemorrhoids, anal fistula and perianal abscess can only be cured by surgery. The surgeon should pay attention to the protection of anal pad tissue and sphincter function to prevent serious complications such as postoperative anal stenosis and defecation dysfunction. It is imperative to accurately evaluate the specific clinical characteristics of each patient, formulate individualized treatment plans, and combine multiple treatment approaches.