Nomograms Predicting Survival, Recurrence and Beneficiary Identification of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Treatment-naïve Patients with Rectal Cancer who Underwent Upfront Curative Resection: A multi-institutional study
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.New nomograms predict survival and recurrence in rectal cancer (RC) patients after surgery. These tools help identify patients who will benefit most from adjuvant chemotherapy, improving treatment decisions for middle and high-risk individuals.
Area Of Science
- Oncology
- Surgical Oncology
- Cancer Prognostics
Background
- Multidisciplinary treatment is standard for locally advanced rectal cancer (RC).
- Understanding surgical efficacy is crucial for guiding perioperative adjuvant therapy decisions.
- Predictive models for treatment-naïve RC patients undergoing upfront surgery are needed.
Purpose Of The Study
- To develop and validate nomograms for predicting overall survival and recurrence in treatment-naïve rectal cancer (RC) patients.
- To assess the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy based on predicted risk stratification.
- To identify rectal cancer patients who may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
Main Methods
- Analysis of treatment-naïve RC patients who underwent upfront surgery from Japanese institutions (training cohort, n=1925).
- Construction of prognostic models using clinical and pathological factors for survival and recurrence prediction.
- External validation using a separate cohort (n=2957) and SEER data (n=10,482) to evaluate nomogram performance and chemotherapy effects.
Main Results
- Age, venous invasion, sex, tumor location, histology, CEA, invasion depth, lymphatic invasion, radial margin, and lymph node status were significant predictors.
- Nomograms demonstrated good discrimination (C-indices 0.74-0.77) for survival and recurrence.
- Adjuvant chemotherapy improved 5-year survival in middle-risk (76.8% vs 62.4%) and high-risk (63.5% vs 39.4%) patients, but not in low-risk patients.
Conclusions
- Validated nomograms can accurately predict survival and recurrence in rectal cancer patients post-upfront surgery.
- These predictive tools can effectively identify patients who are likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
- The findings support personalized treatment strategies for rectal cancer based on risk stratification.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Contact us if these videos are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is a non-parametric method used to estimate the survival function from time-to-event data. In medical research, it is frequently employed to measure the proportion of patients surviving for a certain period after treatment. This estimator is fundamental in analyzing time-to-event data, making it indispensable in clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and reliability engineering. By estimating survival probabilities, researchers can evaluate treatment effectiveness,...