Comparison of tracer kinetic models in differentiating malignant from normal prostate tissue using dynamic...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) derived kinetic parameters with high spatiotemporal resolution in discriminating malignant from normal prostate tissues.

Fifty patients with suspicious of malignant diseases in prostate were included in this study. Regions of interest (ROI) were manually delineated by experienced radiologists. Voxel-wise kinetic parameters were produced with the following tracer kinetic models (TKMs): Tofts model, extended Tofts model (ETM), Brix's conventional two-compartment model (Brix), adiabatic tissue homogeneity model (ATH), and distributed parameter model (DP). The initial area under the signal-time curve (IAUC) with an uptake integral approach was also included. Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the capability of distinguishing tumor lesions from normal tissues. A p-value of 0.05 or less is considered statistically significant. ROI based parameters correlation analysis between DP and ETM were performed.

624 lesions and 269 normal tissue ROIs were obtained. Thirty parameters were derived from the six kinetic models. Except for PS from Brix, statistically significant differences between lesions and normal tissues (P<0.05) were observed in other parameters.Ve from DP, ATH and Brix and PS from ATH have AUC values less than 0.6 in the ROC analysis. MTT, Vp and PS from DP, Ktrans from ETM and Tofts, E and PS from ATH, IAUC parameters and F from Brix have AUC values larger than 0.8. Ve and Vp from DP and ETM are correlated (r> 0.65). The correlation coefficient between Ktrans from ETM and PS from DP is 0.751.

MTT, Vp and PS from DP, Ktrans from ETM and Tofts, E and PS from ATH, F from Brix and IAUC parameters can be used to differentiate malignant lesions from normal tissues in the prostate.