First Reported Case of Breast Sporotrichosis in Bahrain

Area of Science:

• Medical Mycology
• Breast Pathology

Background:

• Granulomatous mastitis is a chronic inflammatory breast condition with largely unknown causes.
• Histological features include granulomas and central necrosis, often involving neutrophils.

Observation:

• A 46-year-old woman presented with a persistent, treatment-resistant right breast abscess and multiple fistula formations.
• Imaging studies were inconclusive, and the patient required multiple surgical interventions for drainage.

Findings:

• Diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis secondary to sporotrichosis was confirmed through breast tissue biopsy and fungal culture.
• Antifungal treatment with itraconazole resulted in a slow clinical response.

Implications:

• This case highlights sporotrichosis as a potential, albeit rare, cause of granulomatous mastitis.
• Accurate diagnosis through biopsy and culture is crucial for appropriate antifungal therapy and management.