Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Consumer-Grade Wearable Sensors for Classifying Pilot Workload and Stress During Real Flight Training: A Leave-One-Subject-Out Validation Study.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Targeting STAT3-mediated lipid metabolism reprogramming overcomes chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia.

Cell death & disease·2026

Same author

Metal ions in aging and ocular diseases: biology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies.

npj aging·2026

Same author

Effects of enhanced recovery after cesarean section on hospital length of stay and Obstetric Quality-of-Recovery score (ObsQoR-11): a randomized controlled trial.

BMC anesthesiology·2026

Same author

Development and validation of a predictive model for depression risk in older patients with multiple chronic diseases in the community: cross-sectional study based on a health ecology model.

Frontiers in public health·2026

Same author

The role of NINJ1 in diseases.

Cell death discovery·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Published on: April 4, 2025

Exploring the Relationship Between Drivers' Stationary Gaze Entropy and Situation Awareness in a Level-3 Automation

Wen Ding¹, Yovela Murzello¹, Shi Cao¹

¹University of Waterloo, ON, Canada.

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual Meeting

|December 23, 2024

Summary

Drivers

Keywords:

eye tracking level-3 autonomous driving situation awareness stationary gaze entropy

More Related Videos

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Published on: September 18, 2012

Tactile Vibrating Toolkit and Driving Simulation Platform for Driving-Related Research

Tactile Vibrating Toolkit and Driving Simulation Platform for Driving-Related Research

Published on: December 18, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Published on: April 4, 2025

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

Published on: September 18, 2012

Tactile Vibrating Toolkit and Driving Simulation Platform for Driving-Related Research

Tactile Vibrating Toolkit and Driving Simulation Platform for Driving-Related Research

Published on: December 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Automotive Safety
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

The automation to manual takeover process in vehicles presents significant challenges for drivers.
Drivers often struggle to gather necessary contextual information during transitions.
Assessing driver Situation Awareness (SA) is crucial for understanding takeover performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between drivers' eye movement patterns and their Situation Awareness (SA) during simulated vehicle takeovers.
To explore the potential of Stationary Gaze Entropy (SGE) as a metric for evaluating SA.
To identify critical time windows during the takeover process that correlate with SA levels.

Main Methods:

A simulated driving experiment was conducted to record drivers' eye movements.
Situation Awareness (SA) was assessed using the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT).
Stationary Gaze Entropy (SGE) was calculated based on time spent in predefined Areas of Interest (AOIs).
Three critical time windows were analyzed: takeover alert and hazard perception.

Main Results:

Drivers with higher SA (higher SAGAT scores) exhibited broader attention distribution across multiple AOIs.
A linear relationship between SGE and SA was observed specifically in the final time window (hazard perception to completion).
Stationary Gaze Entropy (SGE) shows potential as a future metric for assessing driver SA.

Conclusions:

Driver attention distribution is linked to Situation Awareness during takeovers.
Stationary Gaze Entropy (SGE) may serve as a quantifiable measure of SA in critical driving scenarios.
Further research can refine SGE for real-time SA assessment in automated driving systems.