Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2025
09:31
Generation of Induced-pluripotent Stem Cells Using Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes Isolated from Joints of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Published on: October 16, 2016
9.4K
Dynamic cell fate plasticity and tissue integration drive functional synovial joint regeneration
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|December 23, 2024
Summary
Adult zebrafish can regenerate entire synovial joints, including cartilage and ligaments, after complete removal. This regeneration is driven by multipotent cells within the adult skeleton, revealing new pathways for joint repair.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative medicine
- Developmental biology
- Zebrafish models
Background:
- Mammalian synovial joints exhibit limited self-repair, often healing with fibrotic scar tissue.
- Understanding joint regeneration is crucial for developing therapies for joint injuries and degenerative diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the capacity for de novo regeneration of entire synovial joints in adult zebrafish.
- To identify the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying joint regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Developed a unilateral whole-joint resection model in adult zebrafish.
- Employed microCT, histology, live imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq).
- Utilized clonal lineage tracing to identify cell origins.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated complete regeneration of articular cartilage, ligament, and synovium, forming a functional joint.
- Identified a multipotent, neural crest-derived cell population within the adult skeleton as the source for regenerating tissues.
- Uncovered latent molecular and cellular programs involved in joint regrowth.
Conclusions:
- Adult zebrafish possess a remarkable capacity for complete synovial joint regeneration.
- Neural crest-derived cells in the adult skeleton are key players in this regenerative process.
- This study reveals potential therapeutic targets for stimulating joint repair in mammals.
Related Concept Videos
01:07Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
1.3K
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
1.3K
01:16Structural Joints: Synovial Joints
3.3K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
3.3K
01:23Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells
1.7K
After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
However, failure of such a system...
1.7K
01:12Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.1K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.1K
01:09Introduction to Fibroblasts
3.0K
Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...
3.0K
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
947
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
947