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Published on: December 27, 2024
Interference by vitamin B12-macrocomplexes: towards an effective detection and correct interpretation of hypo- and
José A Delgado1, María I Pastor1, Gemma Costa1
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain.
Objectives:
The presence of macro-B12 is a cause of factual hypervitaminemia B12. Precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a simple method of removing high-molecular-weight biomolecules. However, "free" molecule may co-precipitate. This fact requires the establishment of reference intervals for the post-precipitation result. The main aims of the study were to: 1) establish post-PEG RIs for vitamin B12; 2) compare the two criteria for defining the presence of macro-B12; 3) evaluate the joint usefulness of percentage post-PEG vitamin B12 recovery and post-PEG RIs to inform the real vitamin B12 status; and 4), propose interpretative comments for ease of interpretation.
Methods:
Prospective study in which 488 serum samples from "healthy" individuals were included and analyzed to determine recovery and RIs following PEG precipitation. Subsequently, a retrospective analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the joint usefulness of both definitions for a suspicion of macro-B12. A total of 297 cases were included.
Results:
Recovery and post-PEG RIs determined on an Alinity i platform ranged from 60 to 107 % and from 118 to 506 pmol/L, respectively. McNemar's test revealed statistically significant differences between both criteria for estimating interference. However, both methodologies showed good agreement. In 27 cases, the presence of macro-B12 coexisted with true hypervitaminemia B12. No case of coexistence of macro-B12 with vitamin B12 deficiency was detected in our series.
Conclusions:
Laboratory reports should include total vitamin B12 concentration, recovery and post-PEG vitamin B12 concentration with their adjusted RIs to better assess the body vitamin status.
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