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Related Concept Videos

The Electron Transport Chain01:30

The Electron Transport Chain

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The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q...
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Electron Transport Chain Components01:29

Electron Transport Chain Components

The electron transport chain is a crucial metabolic pathway facilitating energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes that mediate a series of redox reactions located in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes and the plasma membrane of prokaryotes. These complexes function by transferring electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to terminal electron acceptors, including oxygen in aerobic respiration...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

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During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

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The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
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Electron Carriers01:24

Electron Carriers

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Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Characterizing Electron Transport through Living Biofilms
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Characterizing Electron Transport through Living Biofilms

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Stabilizing Electron Transport of 2D Materials.

Jinbo He1,2, Wenting Wang1, Jinjian Yan3

  • 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|December 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin C (VC) stabilizes 2D materials, enhancing electron transport for beyond-silicon electronics. This antioxidant strategy significantly boosts device performance and offers unprecedented air stability for over 327 days.

Keywords:
2D materialsenvironmental stabilitytransistorsvitamin C

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Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials show promise for next-generation electronics beyond silicon.
  • A major challenge for industrial application is the instability of 2D materials, primarily due to susceptibility to oxygen (O2) and water (H2O), especially reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • ROS possess strong oxidizing properties that degrade 2D material performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stabilization strategy for 2D materials using vitamin C (VC) to improve electron transport and device performance.
  • To investigate the mechanism by which VC protects 2D materials from oxidative damage.
  • To assess the long-term stability of VC-treated 2D material devices in ambient conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A novel approach utilizing vitamin C (VC) to stabilize electron transport in 2D materials.
  • VC treatment applied to MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs).
  • Evaluation of device performance (mobility) and stability in air over extended periods.

Main Results:

  • Electron mobility in 2D materials increased by over an order of magnitude after VC treatment.
  • VC-treated MoS2 FETs maintained excellent performance in air for more than 327 days, representing the best reported stability to date.
  • VC functions by scavenging existing ROS and inhibiting new ROS generation through exciton shielding.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin C effectively stabilizes 2D materials by preventing electron trapping and oxidative damage, thereby enhancing electron transport.
  • The VC-based strategy provides long-lasting protection, significantly improving the stability and performance of 2D material devices.
  • This simple, cost-effective method using readily available VC has high potential for large-scale industrial applications in 2D electronics.