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Critical Nematic Phase with Pseudogaplike Behavior in Twisted Bilayers.

Virginia Gali1, Matthias Hecker1, Rafael M Fernandes1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, <a href="https://ror.org/017zqws13">University of Minnesota</a>, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.

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Summary

This study reveals a novel Z_{6} nematic critical phase in twisted hexagonal bilayers, bypassing crystallographic constraints. This phase exhibits quasi-long-range order and unique electronic properties, with potential for a nematic quantum critical point.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Critical Phenomena

Background:

  • The crystallographic restriction theorem limits 2D nematicity to Ising (Z_{2}) or three-state-Potts (Z_{3}) critical behaviors.
  • These behaviors are characterized by amplitude fluctuations, restricting the possible critical states in 2D materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the possibility of circumventing the crystallographic restriction theorem in specific material geometries.
  • To explore novel critical phases and their associated properties in twisted hexagonal bilayers.
  • To understand the role of emergent symmetries and order parameters in exotic quantum phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Application of group theory to analyze emergent quasicrystalline symmetries in 30°-twisted hexagonal bilayers.
  • Development and utilization of microscopic modeling to simulate the material's behavior.
  • Analysis of the electronic spectrum and critical exponents within the identified critical phase.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of a Z_{6} nematic critical phase dominated by phase fluctuations, bounded by two Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions.
  • Observation of quasi-long-range nematic order and a thermal pseudogap-like behavior in the electronic spectrum.
  • Demonstration that an out-of-plane magnetic field can induce a nematic quantum critical point with emergent continuous symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • The emergent quasicrystalline symmetries in twisted hexagonal bilayers allow for a critical phase beyond the scope of the crystallographic restriction theorem.
  • The identified Z_{6} nematic phase exhibits unique properties, including anomalous critical exponents and a tunable quantum critical point.
  • An odd-parity nematic state can emerge in untwisted bilayers under specific conditions, further expanding the landscape of nematic phases.