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Candidate Toroidal Electric Dipole Mode in the Spherical Nucleus ^{58}Ni
P von Neumann-Cosel1, V O Nesterenko2,3, I Brandherm1
1Institut für Kernphysik, <a href="https://ror.org/05n911h24">Technische Universität Darmstadt</a>, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
Abstract:
Dipole toroidal modes appear in many fields of physics. In nuclei, such a mode was predicted more than 50 years ago, but clear experimental evidence was lacking so far. Using a combination of high-resolution inelastic scattering experiments with photons, electrons, and protons, we identify for the first time candidates for toroidal dipole excitations in the nucleus ^{58}Ni and demonstrate that transverse electron scattering form factors represent a relevant experimental observable to prove their nature.
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