Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

730
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
730
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

217
The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
217
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

289
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
289
Secretory Phase01:19

Secretory Phase

526
The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, spanning from day 14 to 28 in a typical 28-day cycle, is a period of significant physiological changes in the female reproductive system. This phase commences immediately after ovulation and is characterized by the preparation of the endometrium for potential embryo implantation.
Following ovulation, the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure, produces progesterone and estrogens. These hormones stimulate the growth and coiling of endometrial...
526
The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

692
The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
692
Exercise Stress Test01:26

Exercise Stress Test

170
Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
170

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The influence of mouth pressure on the cardiovascular response during inspiratory muscle loading at a constant transdiaphragmatic pressure.

European journal of applied physiology·2026
Same author

Impact of acute high thoracic spinal cord injury on in vivo vascular function in rats.

Experimental neurology·2026
Same author

Action potential identification in rodent sympathetic nerve recordings using a wavelet-based approach.

Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical·2026
Same author

Females exhibit greater cardiac volume reductions with expiratory muscle loading during submaximal exercise compared to males.

The Journal of physiology·2026
Same author

Exercise-induced bronchodilation is not impacted by beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in males or females.

European journal of applied physiology·2026
Same author

Effect of controlling CO<sub>2</sub> on peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity at exercise intensities above the respiratory compensation point.

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology·2025
Same journal

Muscle cramps as disorders of impaired termination of contraction: An integrated neurophysiological framework.

Physiological reports·2026
Same journal

Sex differences in circulating platelet-derived CD41+ extracellular vesicles in healthy adults.

Physiological reports·2026
Same journal

The effects of breath holding during high-intensity land-based ergometry in swimmers.

Physiological reports·2026
Same journal

Inhibition of SGLT2 reduces blood pressure in the early phase of salt-sensitive hypertension in male Dahl-SS rats independently of changes in renal inflammation.

Physiological reports·2026
Same journal

Mechanisms and integrative machine learning approaches to blood-brain barrier biomarker profiling for personalized ischemic stroke management.

Physiological reports·2026
Same journal

Female endurance athletes show a reduced plasma cell-free DNA response to all-out and 3-h cycling compared to male counterparts.

Physiological reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
14:26

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

Published on: April 7, 2014

15.4K

The menstrual phase does not impact chemosensitivity during exercise.

Leah M Mann1, Madeline D Wright1, Benjamin P Thompson1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Physiological Reports
|December 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Menstrual cycle phase does not alter exercise chemosensitivity. Hormonal birth control users showed reduced hypercapnia response, while normally menstruating females had less ventilation change during hyperoxia compared to males.

Keywords:
chemosensitivityend‐tidal forcingexercisemenstrual cycle

More Related Videos

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
07:40

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training

Published on: October 10, 2019

7.2K
Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
07:26

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Published on: October 17, 2018

20.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
14:26

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

Published on: April 7, 2014

15.4K
Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
07:40

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training

Published on: October 10, 2019

7.2K
Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
07:26

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

Published on: October 17, 2018

20.4K

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Menstrual cycle phase influences resting ventilation and chemosensitivity.
  • Evidence regarding menstrual cycle phase effects on exercise ventilation and chemosensitivity is inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of menstrual cycle phase and hormonal birth control (BC) on chemosensitivity during exercise.
  • To compare chemosensitivity responses between males, females using BC, and normally menstruating (NBC) females.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 12 males and 20 females (10 BC, 10 NBC) on three occasions.
  • Chemosensitivity assessed via hypercapnia, hypoxia, and hyperoxia tests during cycling exercise at 30% peak work rate.
  • Testing occurred on two separate days for females-BC and males, with females-BC tested during their active birth control phase.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in chemosensitivity were found between experimental days for any group.
  • Females using BC exhibited a significantly lower response to transient hypercapnia compared to females-NBC and males (38-42% lower).
  • Females-NBC showed a smaller ventilation response to hyperoxia than males (-11.7% vs. -17.9%).

Conclusions:

  • Day-to-day variability in chemosensitivity during exercise is consistent across males, females using BC, and NBC females.
  • Hormonal birth control use may attenuate the ventilatory response to hypercapnia.
  • Differences in hyperoxia response exist between normally menstruating females and males.