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Proteomics

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

Published on: March 13, 2011

Proteomic Analysis of Single Hairs.

Nicole M McLoughlin¹, Romy E Keane², Rebecca J Tidy²

¹California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Wildlife Forensic Laboratory, Sacramento, CA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|December 23, 2024

Summary

Analyzing the hair shaft proteome offers insights into mammalian biology, genetics, and forensics. This study details a robust method for accessing this complex protein matrix for diverse scientific applications.

Keywords:

Cornification Cuticular corneocytes Forensic proteomics Hair Hair shaft protein Shotgun mass spectrometry Species identification Tissue proteomics

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

Published on: March 13, 2011

Extraction and Analysis of Cortisol from Human and Monkey Hair

Extraction and Analysis of Cortisol from Human and Monkey Hair

Published on: January 24, 2014

Quantitative Analysis of Chromatin Proteomes in Disease

Quantitative Analysis of Chromatin Proteomes in Disease

Published on: December 28, 2012

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Proteomics
Mammalian Biology

Background:

The hair shaft proteome contains structural and functional proteins, reflecting biological processes like cell senescence and xenobiotic response.
Hair's robust chemical structure, due to disulfide and isopeptide bonds, presents challenges for proteomic analysis.
The temporal organization and genetic information within hair make it a valuable biological sample.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust protocol for accessing the hair shaft proteome.
To enable comprehensive proteomic analysis of hair for various scientific disciplines.

Main Methods:

A novel sample processing protocol utilizing sodium dodecanoate and high reductant levels to denature the hair shaft matrix.
Chemical treatment designed to minimize artifactual modifications while maximizing protein accessibility.

Main Results:

The developed protocol effectively denatures the hair shaft matrix, rendering the proteome readily accessible.
The accessible hair shaft proteome provides valuable biological information.

Conclusions:

This method enhances the utility of hair shaft proteomic analysis.
The protocol supports applications in genetics, developmental biology, toxicology, forensics, cosmetics, and wildlife ecology.