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Related Experiment Videos

Complications of Variable Axis total knee arthroplasty.

D A Webster, D G Murray

    Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Variable Axis total knee arthroplasty had a 17.8% complication rate. Patellar issues were most common, affecting 7.4% of patients, with some requiring reoperation or resurfacing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic Surgery
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for knee osteoarthritis.
    • The Variable Axis prosthesis was developed to address specific biomechanical challenges in TKA.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the mechanical and orthopedic complications associated with the Variable Axis total knee arthroplasty.
    • To determine the incidence and nature of complications in a long-term patient cohort.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 376 patients who underwent Variable Axis TKA between 1974 and 1980.
    • Analysis of surgical records to identify and categorize mechanical and orthopedic complications.

    Main Results:

    • A total of 65 (17.3%) patients experienced significant complications.
    • Patellar complications occurred in 28 patients (7.4%), with 13 requiring reoperation and 4 needing patellar resurfacing.
    • Aseptic loosening of the femoral component occurred in 0.5% of cases, while no tibial component loosening was observed.
    • Other complications included ligamentous instability (2.9%), joint stiffness (1.6%), peroneal nerve palsy (1.3%), supracondylar fractures (1.0%), and joint infection (1.8%).

    Conclusions:

    • The Variable Axis TKA demonstrated a notable rate of complications, particularly concerning the patella.
    • While aseptic loosening was infrequent for femoral components, other orthopedic issues necessitate careful patient selection and surgical technique.
    • Long-term follow-up is crucial for understanding the full spectrum of complications associated with this prosthesis design.

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