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Neonatal theophylline neurotoxicity.

R R Clancy, K M Kaplan, S Baumgart

    Clinical Pediatrics
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Theophylline overdose in premature infants can cause neurotoxicity, even with frequent administration. This case highlights accidental overdose and prolonged drug elimination half-life leading to infant intoxication.

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    Nonconvulsive seizures are common in critically ill children.

    Neurology·2011

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal pharmacology
    • Pediatric neurology
    • Clinical toxicology

    Background:

    • Theophylline is commonly used for respiratory issues in premature infants.
    • Neurotoxicity is a rare but serious adverse effect of theophylline.
    • This study examines a case of theophylline intoxication in a premature infant.

    Observation:

    • A 5-month-old premature infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and hepatitis developed focal seizures and irritability.
    • The infant exhibited systemic signs consistent with theophylline intoxication.
    • An unrecognized accidental overdose was identified as the cause.

    Findings:

    • Theophylline intoxication occurred due to an accidental overdose.
    • A prolonged elimination half-life contributed to the clinical toxicity.
    • The infant's condition underscores the importance of careful theophylline dosing and monitoring.

    Implications:

    • This case emphasizes the potential for theophylline neurotoxicity in premature infants.
    • It highlights the need for vigilant monitoring of drug levels and potential overdose.
    • Understanding theophylline's toxicity mechanisms is crucial for safe neonatal care.

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