Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Encoding01:19

Encoding

131
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
131
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

732
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
732
Storage01:23

Storage

69
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
69
Language Development01:22

Language Development

317
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
317
Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

1.0K
Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
1.0K
Neuron Structure01:30

Neuron Structure

12.6K
Neurons are the main type of cell in the nervous system that generate and transmit electrochemical signals. They primarily communicate with each other using neurotransmitters at specific junctions called synapses. Neurons come in many shapes that often relate to their function, but most share three main structures: an axon and dendrites that extend out from a cell body.
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to...
12.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Individual differences in speech monitoring: Functional and structural correlates of delayed auditory feedback.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Characterizing Verb Argument Structure in Aphasia Using Dependency Parsers.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

To what extent do pragmatic cues from disfluencies inform our predictions of spoken language during naturalistic language processing?

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same author

Gesture-Speech Interaction Beyond Planning: Evidence from Perturbations During Iconic Gesture and Speech Execution.

Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)·2026
Same author

Altered Theory of Mind Engagement and Neural Alignment in Social Anxiety During Movie Viewing.

Biological psychiatry global open science·2026
Same author

Disfluencies reduce the effect of uh … word surprisal during narrative comprehension.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.3K

Neural encoding of semantic structures during sentence production.

Laura Giglio1,2,3, Peter Hagoort1,2, Markus Ostarek1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan 1, Nijmegen 6525XD, The Netherlands.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|December 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how the brain processes sentence meaning during speaking. Event-specific semantic structures are encoded in the left inferior frontal gyrus, contributing to compositional processing.

Keywords:
compositional processingfMRIlanguagesentence productionthematic roles

More Related Videos

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

10.5K
Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.3K
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

10.5K
Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Neural representations of compositional processing are primarily studied during sentence comprehension.
  • Investigating these representations during sentence production (speaking) is crucial for a complete understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain representations for compositional processing during sentence production using fMRI.
  • To determine how abstract thematic relations and event-specific structures are encoded during speaking.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a rapid serial visual presentation sentence recall paradigm to elicit sentence production.
  • Employed voxel-wise encoding models to analyze neural specificity of compositional structures.
  • Compared models without relational information, with abstract thematic relations, and with event-specific relations.

Main Results:

  • Sentence meaning at various specificity levels is encoded in a widespread left frontal-parietal-temporal network.
  • Brain activity patterns for semantic structures during production mirrored those during comprehension.
  • Event-specific relational structure, beyond word meaning, is encoded in the left inferior frontal gyrus.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence supports the encoding of sentence meaning during production within a distributed brain network.
  • The left inferior frontal gyrus specifically encodes event-specific semantic structures during sentence production.