Health Risk Assessment for Ingestion of Edible Mushrooms Contaminated by Chromium

A health risk assessment was carried out to determine the probability of damage and carcinogenic effects from consumption of five mushroom species (Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, Lactarius indigo, Ramaria flava, and Sarcodon calvatus) potentially contaminated by chromium (Cr), based on data reported by López-Vázquez and Prieto-García (2016) in Hidalgo state [López-Vázquez E, Prieto-García F. Minerals and toxic elements in wild mushrooms species from regions of Hidalgo state in Mexico. Asian J Chem. 2016;28(12):2725-30]. The evaluation was carried out based on an environmental risk indicator: potential ecological risk; and two health risk indicators: the hazard quotient, non-cancer damage and the risk of increase of individual cancer. The results showed that there is a high probability of carcinogenic damage for the three regions where older adults and pregnant are the most vulnerable sectors. Due to the traditional use of edible mushrooms in Mexico, the evidence of bioaccumulation of heavy metals of toxicological interest in mushroom species, as well as the notable damage to health due to the consumption of contaminated species; the monitoring and implementation of standards that regulate their consumption and ensuring their food safety is essential. More research is required to support the use of these evaluations.