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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
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The quantum optics of media.

Stephen M Barnett1

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, UK.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|December 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study reviews the quantum theory of light in dielectrics, incorporating dispersion and losses. It resolves the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma by explaining dual optical forces and momenta in media.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Electromagnetism in dielectrics

Background:

  • Quantum theory of light in real media necessitates considering physical features like dispersion, losses, and interface effects.
  • Near-transparent dielectrics present unique challenges for light propagation and radiative processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the quantization of light within dielectric media.
  • To investigate the impact of quantization on radiative processes and light propagation.
  • To resolve the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma concerning optical forces and momentum in media.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theoretical frameworks for quantized light in dielectrics.
  • Analysis of optical forces and momentum within dielectric media.
  • Theoretical resolution of the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma.
Keywords:
optical forcesoptical momentaquantized fields in media

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Main Results:

  • Quantization of light in dielectrics affects radiative processes and propagation.
  • Identified two distinct optical force densities in a medium.
  • Established the necessity of two distinct optical momenta, resolving the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma.

Conclusions:

  • The quantum theory of light in dielectrics requires careful consideration of material properties.
  • The resolution of the Abraham-Minkowski dilemma provides a unified understanding of optical momentum and forces.