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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

276
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
276
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

315
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
315
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

411
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
411
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

377
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
377
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

1.9K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
1.9K
Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport01:23

Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport

422
Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
However, most drugs use the transcellular route, traversing directly through the cell membranes via two mechanisms: passive and active transport. Passive...
422

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Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier
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Ionic Diode-Based Drug Delivery System.

Hyunjae Yoo1, Soon-Bo Kang1, Jeongsoo Kim2

  • 1Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|December 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel ionic diode drug delivery system offers controlled, sustained release of cytotoxic drugs, improving anti-tumor efficacy and reducing toxicity in preclinical models.

Keywords:
active drug delivery systemflow‐freehydrogel‐based deviceimmune toxicityionic diode

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Conventional drug delivery systems struggle with spatiotemporally controlled and sustained release of cytotoxic drugs.
  • Achieving precise drug release is vital for maximizing efficacy and minimizing off-target tissue damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an electric potential-controlled ionic diode-based drug delivery system for sustained and localized drug release.
  • To assess the system's anti-tumor efficacy and safety in a preclinical tumor model.

Main Methods:

  • An ionic diode system was engineered for controlled drug release (nanogram to microgram scales) via electric potential.
  • The system utilizes a hydrogel for slow, continuous drug diffusion to the target site.
  • The device was implanted in a freely moving tumor-bearing mouse model and loaded with doxorubicin.

Main Results:

  • The ionic diode system demonstrated sustained, flow-free drug delivery with minimal leakage over extended periods.
  • In vivo studies showed superior anti-tumor efficacy of doxorubicin delivered via the system compared to intratumoral injection.
  • The system exhibited minimal off-target immune toxicity, highlighting its safety profile.

Conclusions:

  • The ionic diode drug delivery system provides a promising platform for controlled and sustained release of cytotoxic agents.
  • The system's biocompatible and mechanically compliant nature supports its potential for clinical translation in treating surgically unresectable tumors.