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Effective Bone Tissue Fabrication Using 3D-Printed Citrate-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds Laden with BMP9-Stimulated
Piao Zhao1,2, Yi Zhu2,3, Mirae Kim4,5
1Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Urology, and Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 24, 2024
Summary
This study developed a novel bone tissue engineering system using 3D printed citrate-based scaffolds with human urine stem cells and BMP9. The mPOC-60HA composite scaffold demonstrated superior bone regeneration and integration, addressing critical clinical challenges.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Effective repair of large bone defects is a significant clinical challenge.
- Bone tissue engineering (BTE) requires synergistic interactions between scaffolds, osteogenic factors, and cells.
- A highly vascularized microenvironment is crucial for bone regeneration and osseointegration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a highly effective BTE system using 3D printed citrate-based mPOC/hydroxyapatite (HA) composites.
- To utilize BMP9-stimulated human urine stem cells (USCs) within these composite scaffolds.
- To evaluate the efficacy of these BTE systems in promoting bone formation and osseointegration.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized and characterized methacrylate poly(1,8 octamethylene citrate) (mPOC) and mixed it with 0%, 40%, or 60% HA.
- Fabricated 3D composite scaffolds using micro-continuous liquid interface production (μCLIP).
- Cultured BMP9-stimulated USCs on mPOC-HA scaffolds and evaluated their osteogenic activity in vitro; assessed bone formation and osseointegration after subcutaneous implantation in vivo.
Main Results:
- 3D-printed mPOC-HA composite scaffolds were compatible with human USCs, showing high osteogenic activity in vitro upon BMP9 stimulation.
- Subcutaneous implantation of mPOC-HA scaffolds laden with BMP9-stimulated USCs resulted in effective bone formation across all scaffold types.
- The mPOC-60HA composite scaffold demonstrated the most mature bone formation, closely resembling native bone tissue with extensive scaffold-osteointegration.
Conclusions:
- The combination of citrate-based mPOC-60HA composite scaffolds, BMP9-stimulated human urine stem cells, and BMP9 represents a promising triad for effective bone tissue engineering.
- This BTE system shows potential for addressing large bone defects and improving osseointegration.
- The developed mPOC-HA composite scaffolds offer a viable platform for regenerative medicine applications in orthopedics.
