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Related Concept Videos

Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
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Proteomics01:33

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

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Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
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Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

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The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
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Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

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Platelet proteomics: Clinical implications - Decoding the black box!

Hadi Goubran1, Shahid Ahmed1, Gaafar Ragab2

  • 1Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Transfusion and Apheresis Science : Official Journal of the World Apheresis Association : Official Journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis
|December 25, 2024
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Platelet proteomics reveals their roles beyond clotting, aiding biomarker discovery for diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration. Further standardization is needed for clinical use.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Proteomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Platelets, anucleate blood cells, are increasingly recognized for roles beyond hemostasis, including immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair.
  • Platelet proteomics, utilizing mass spectrometry, offers insights into platelet biology and clinical applications.
  • Platelet proteomics provides a unique retrospective view of cumulative biological events over the platelet lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted roles of platelets beyond hemostasis.
  • To highlight the application of platelet proteomics in understanding platelet biology and disease.
  • To discuss the potential of platelet proteomics in biomarker identification and therapy development.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput techniques, primarily mass spectrometry, applied to platelet samples.
  • Analysis of platelet proteomes to identify proteins associated with physiological and pathological states.
  • Investigating shared molecular pathways between platelets and other cell types, such as neurons.

Main Results:

  • Platelet proteomics has identified potential biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases, infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
  • Platelets share molecular pathways with neurons, implicating proteins like Tau, amyloid-beta, and alpha-synuclein in neurodegeneration and aging.
  • Proteomics is contributing to the development of evidence-based, tailored platelet-derived therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet proteomics significantly enhances the understanding of platelet biology and its clinical relevance.
  • Platelet proteomics shows promise for biomarker discovery across various diseases and in aging research.
  • Further standardization and computational advancements are necessary for the clinical translation of platelet proteomics.