Prevalance of Non-Provoke Generalize Tonic-Clonic Seizure in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and epileptic seizure are among the most common health problems in the elderly population. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence rate and predictors of seizures in sporadic AD patients.

The study was conducted by retrospectively for a period of 10 years examining the file records. Patients were selected among the patients diagnosed with probable sporadic late onset AD according to the National Institute of Neurological Communicative Disorders and Stroke AD and related disorders association criteria and the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (n=451). In our 213 sporadic AD patients who were followed up regularly and had a follow up examination in the last 6 months, the file records were examined, scanned and questioned for the presence of epileptic seizures.

The prevalence of non provoked generalized tonic clonic seizures in sporadic AD was found to be 6.57% (n=14). Neuroleptic use, presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or treatment, presence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and/or treatment were found to be 2.99 times, 1.91 times and 3.09 times higher in our patients who had seizures, respectively. When the factors that can affect seizures were examined, the use of neuroleptics and the presence of IHD and/or treatment were found to be statistically significant in terms of the risk of seizure in AD.

The use of neuroleptics, the presence of IHD and DM and/or their medications could facilitate the development of unprovoked generalized tonic clonic seizures in sporadic AD. It is doubtful whether the seizures are primary or secondary generalized.