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Alterations of T Cell Subsets Associated with Sickle Cell Trait
Alexander P Reiner1,2, Laura M Raffield3, Lynette Ekunwe4
1Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Blood and Genomics Discovery
|December 25, 2024
Summary
Sickle cell trait (SCT) is linked to fewer CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, potentially impacting immune responses. This finding suggests individuals with SCT may face increased risks for certain infections.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Genetics
Background:
- Sickle cell trait (SCT) is known to affect immune parameters, including reduced lymphocyte counts.
- Further investigation is needed to fully understand SCT's impact on the immune system.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between sickle cell trait and immune cell subsets in Black adults.
- To characterize alterations in monocyte and lymphocyte populations in individuals with SCT.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
- Immune cell subsets were compared between SCT-positive and SCT-negative participants in a large cohort.
Main Results:
- Sickle cell trait was significantly associated with lower proportions of CD8+ T cells.
- Individuals with SCT also showed reduced proportions of CD4+ T cells.
- These T cell subsets exhibited markers associated with immune system senescence.
Conclusions:
- Sickle cell trait is linked to specific alterations in T cell subsets.
- These immune changes may influence susceptibility to infectious diseases in individuals with SCT.
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