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Related Concept Videos

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

10.1K
Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
10.1K
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
171
Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation01:03

Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation

3.3K
Alcohols (R-OH) ionize to lose one non-bonded electron from the oxygen atom, forming molecular ions. Due to their tendency to fragment rapidly, the intensity of the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum is weak or sometimes absent. The fragmentation patterns for alcohols occur in two ways, i.e. ⍺-cleavage and dehydration. During ⍺-cleavage, the bond at the ⍺-position adjacent to the hydroxyl group cleaves to give a resonance-stabilized cation and a radical. However,...
3.3K
Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols02:32

Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols

14.0K
Alcohols are organic compounds in which a hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon. Phenols are a class of alcohols containing a hydroxy group attached to an aromatic ring. The physical properties of the alcohols and phenols are influenced by hydrogen bonding due to the oxygen–hydrogen dipole in the hydroxy functional group and dispersion forces between alkyl or aryl regions of alcohol and phenol molecules.
Alcohols possess a higher boiling point than aliphatic hydrocarbons of...
14.0K
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

10.2K
Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
10.2K
Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration02:35

Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration

7.7K
Overview
Ethers can also be prepared from alkenes through acid-catalyzed addition of alcohols and alkoxymercuration–demercuration.
Preparation of Ethers by Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohol to Alkenes
The acid-catalyzed addition of alcohol to an alkene involves treating the alkene with an excess of alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ether under suitable conditions. The hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon so that the nucleophile can attack the more...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

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The alcohol exposome.

Nousha H Sabet1, Todd A Wyatt2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE', USA.

Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
|December 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Alcohol Exposome framework integrates multiple factors like diet, aging, and co-exposures to understand alcohol-related health issues comprehensively. This approach moves beyond isolated studies for a more holistic view of human health.

Keywords:
AlcoholComorbiditiesExosomesExposomeExposomicsExtracellular Vesicles

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An Inexpensive, Scalable Behavioral Assay for Measuring Ethanol Sedation Sensitivity and Rapid Tolerance in Drosophila
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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Exposome research offers a comprehensive view of health influences.
  • Alcohol-related injuries are complex and influenced by multiple factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the key variables of the Alcohol Exposome.
  • To integrate the concept of exposomics into alcohol research.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of primary variables contributing to the Alcohol Exposome.
  • Examination of intercellular communications impacting alcohol-related injuries.

Main Results:

  • Key variables include comorbidities (e.g., smoking, diet), environmental and occupational hazards, infectious agents, and aging.
  • Intercellular communication significantly influences alcohol-induced tissue damage and metabolites.

Conclusions:

  • The Alcohol Exposome provides a framework for understanding alcohol's impact in a real-world context.
  • Research should consider the non-isolated, multivariate nature of human physiology and exposures.