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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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TGFβ-1 and Healing of Bone Defects in Large Animal and Rabbit Models: A Systematic Review.

Sara Trbojevic1,2, Juan M Taboas1,2,3,4, Alejandro J Almarza1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Tissue Engineering. Part A
|December 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ-1) shows promise in accelerating bone repair for fractures. This review found that TGFβ-1, delivered via various carriers in large animal and rabbit models, was successful in most studies.

Keywords:
TGFβ-1bonedefectfracturerepairtransforming growth factor beta-1

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Bone fractures represent a significant healthcare burden, with 5-10% resulting in delayed or nonunion healing.
  • Current treatments, primarily autologous bone grafts, have limitations; tissue engineering seeks to utilize the body's regenerative capacity.
  • Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ-1) is a key factor in bone healing, but its application in large animal models requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the application of TGFβ-1 in different carrier vehicles for bone defect repair.
  • To analyze studies involving large animal and rabbit models to assess TGFβ-1's efficacy in fracture healing.
  • To identify optimal delivery methods and dosages for TGFβ-1 in bone regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (up to October 2024).
  • Screening of 244 articles, with 24 studies meeting inclusion criteria for review.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing various carrier vehicles (e.g., titanium implants, polymer constructs) and TGFβ-1 dosages in long bone, calvaria, and mandible models.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen out of 24 reviewed studies reported successful bone regeneration using TGFβ-1 compared to controls.
  • Carrier vehicles varied: coated titanium implants in large animal long bone studies, and degradable polymers in rabbit studies.
  • Reported TGFβ-1 doses ranged widely across different models, highlighting the importance of dose and controlled release.

Conclusions:

  • TGFβ-1 demonstrates significant potential, alone or with other growth factors, to accelerate bone repair in various models.
  • Controlled release and appropriate dosage are critical for successful bone defect closure.
  • Further research with standardized experimental designs is necessary to fully elucidate TGFβ-1's therapeutic potential in fracture repair.